Leprosy Day 2024: History, Significance, Early Signs, Symptoms and Diagnosis

WORLD LEPROSY ERADICATION DAY 2024: Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by the slow-growing bacteria Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves, leading to skin lesions, nerve damage, and potential disabilities if left untreated. While not highly contagious, close and prolonged contact with someone with untreated leprosy can transmit the bacteria.

The World Leprosy Day is observed on the last Sunday of January every year. This year it was observed on January 28. The theme for 2024 was “Beat Leprosy.” The aim is to raise awareness about the disease, fight stigma, and promote the dignity of people affected by leprosy.

WORLD LEPROSY ERADICATION DAY 2024 HISTORY

In India, World Leprosy Eradication Day is observed on 30 January every year, coinciding with the death anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi was actively involved in advocating for the rights of people affected by leprosy and worked towards their welfare. He established leper colonies, provided medical care and education, and fought against the stigma associated with the disease. Observing Anti-Leprosy Day on this date serves as a reminder of his dedication and helps continue his efforts.

WORLD LEPROSY ERADICATION DAY 2024 SIGNIFICANCE

The day raises awareness about leprosy in India, encourages early diagnosis and treatment, and combats stigma.

EARLY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

SKIN LESIONS

• Patchy, lighter or reddish-brown discoloration of the skin.
• Loss of sensation in the affected area
• Lesions may be flat or raised, and may appear anywhere on the body
• Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet:
• This can lead to difficulty gripping objects or feeling the ground while walking.

MUSCLE WEAKNESS

Can affect the hands, feet, and face, leading to difficulty performing daily tasks

ENLARGED LYMPH NODES

May occur near the groin, armpits, or elbows

DIAGNOSIS

1. SKIN BIOPSYA small sample of skin tissue is taken and examined for the presence of the leprosy bacteria.
2. SLIT-SKIN SMEARA scraping of skin from an earlobe is examined under a microscope for bacteria.
3. NERVE FUNCTION TESTSThese tests assess nerve damage by measuring electrical conductivity in the hands and feet.

Leprosy is curable with multidrug therapy (MDT) provided by healthcare professionals. Early diagnosis and treatment prevent nerve damage and disabilities. Stigma surrounding leprosy can be harmful and prevent people from seeking help.