Orthorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by an unhealthy fixation on consuming only foods perceived as “pure” or “healthy.” Individuals with orthorexia often obsess over the quality and cleanliness of their food, imposing strict dietary restrictions and experiencing distress if they deviate from their self-imposed rules.
“Certain people have a balanced approach towards eating, but after a certain point, it becomes an obsession where they only consume organic, non-GMO, and unprocessed foods. Starting from meticulously planning their meals to spending hours researching nutrition labels, and avoiding social gatherings where there is no control over the menu. If accidentally they eat something that is unhealthy, they start experiencing overwhelming guilt and anxiety. This obsession with clean eating starts to impact social life, causing strain in relationships and negatively affecting mental well-being,” says Dr Shyam Sundar CM, Consultant Endocrinology and Diabetology, SPARSH Hospital.
Handling orthorexia involves a multifaceted approach that addresses both the physical and psychological aspects of the disorder. “This means talking to a therapist who can help with the thoughts and feelings and also seeing a doctor who specializes in hormones (endocrinologist) who might suggest certain medicines. By working with these experts together, one can get out of a tough situation like this,” adds Dr Sundar.
Orthorexia nervosa is an unhealthy obsession with healthy eating, leading individuals to rigidly adhere to restrictive diets. While intentions may be health-focused, it can result in malnutrition, social isolation, and anxiety. “Nutrient deficiencies, organ damage, and disrupted hormonal balance are common physical consequences. Psychological impacts include depression and obsessive-compulsive behaviours. Seeking support from healthcare professionals is crucial for managing orthorexia and restoring a balanced approach to nutrition,” says Edwina Raj, Head of Services, Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Aster CMI Hospital.
Orthorexia nervosa can adversely affect the body through malnutrition, leading to deficiencies in essential nutrients like vitamins and minerals. This can result in weakened immune function, bone density loss, hormonal imbalances, and cardiac complications. “Organ damage may occur due to extreme dietary restrictions. Additionally, orthorexia can exacerbate psychological distress, contributing to conditions such as anxiety and depression. Prompt intervention is essential to address both the physical and psychological ramifications of this disordered eating pattern,” adds Raj.
Orthorexia happens when the healthy desire to eat well turns into an unhealthy obsession with perfect eating. It leads to extreme anxiety about food and strict rules about what to eat. This can harm both physical and mental health, as well as relationships and overall quality of life. Hence spotting it early and raising awareness through timely intervention is crucial. By preventing it through education, we hope to create a society where people are both healthy and happy.
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